![]() This must done be done very carefully to avoid contact with any viruses on the suits. Hospitals in Norway that can accept Ebola patients have established very strict security routines.Ī critical point in contact with Ebola patients can be when removing protective equipment. As Ebola is such a serious illness, we recommend that the procedures are followed as if the infection was also potentially airborne. Ebola is transmitted by contact with a sick person or their bodily fluids. We can never give a one hundred per cent guarantee that health care workers will not be infected by any infectious disease. Can health workers completely protect themselves from infection? For the current outbreak in West Africa, the World Health Organization has declared that they will allow the use of some unapproved medicines that show promising results in laboratory and animal tests. Patients require good care and treatment of symptoms in hospital. There is no approved treatment for Ebola virus disease. The time from infection to the appearance of symptoms (incubation period) is usually 2-21 days. Mortality from Ebola virus disease in the current outbreak in West Africa seems to be around 50-60 per cent. After 5-7 days, internal and external bleeding may occur. Symptoms of Ebola virus disease include a severe headache, high fever, weakness, muscle pain, vomiting, diarrhoea, and rash. By far the most common cause of infection is still direct contact with the body fluids of a sick person. But there are no signs that Ebola can be transmitted via airborne infection, i.e. Infection can thus probably occur from droplets near a sick patient (up to 1 metre). However, it is likely that infection can occur by droplet infection, where droplets of bodily fluids from Ebola patients, particularly blood or vomit, enter the mucosa through the eyes, nose or mouth. The cause is not fully understood, but it may be because the virus does not tolerate drying up and / or other factors it encounters outdoors. If the virus or bacteria can infect others through droplet nuclei, we call it airborne transmission.Īctivities such as vomiting and coughing generate both droplets and droplet nuclei.īased on current knowledge, there is no reason to suspect that Ebola infects humans via airborne transmission. These are called "droplet nuclei" and can remain suspended in the air for hours. ![]() Smaller droplets may remain in the air for long periods and will quickly evaporate, with the result that their contents remain in a free state in the air.When viruses or bacteria are transmitted via such large drops, this is called droplet transmission. Droplets greater than 5-10 micrometres fall to the ground or stick to other surfaces within seconds and will not travel further than one metre.Coughing, sneezing, breathing, vomiting and talking are examples of activities that form aerosols of various sizes. Aerosols are small, fine solid or liquid particles suspended in a gas (such as air).There are three different terms used which are often mixed and cause confusion: What is the difference between "airborne" and "droplet" transmission? If someone who has been close to a sick person has not developed symptoms during this time, they have not been infected. The symptoms develop within 21 days after the virus enters the body. The transmission risk increases during the course of the disease and is greatest during the bleeding stage because of the increased possibility of coming into contact with blood and other bodily fluids from patients. The virus is not transmitted in the time from infection until symptoms appear (incubation period). In addition, healthcare personnel who treat the sick without adequate infection control measures are exposed to infection. In outbreak areas, family members and others in close contact with sick and deceased patients are most often infected. How is Ebola transmitted?ĭuring an outbreak, the Ebola virus transmits from person to person through direct contact with blood and other bodily fluids. The chance of being infected in Norway is minimal. The Ebola outbreak in West Africa in 2014 is the largest to date, affecting thousands of people. These body fluids include blood, urine, faeces and vomit. Ebola is transmitted through direct contact with bodily fluids from an infected person. Ebola is a serious, often fatal infection caused by a virus.
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